Civilian light and small unmanned aerial vehicle system
One. The GB/T 38909-2020 standard specifies the electromagnetic compatibility requirements and test methods for civilian light and small unmanned aerial vehicle systems (including aircraft and ground stations). It is suitable for the design, manufacturing and testing of (takeoff weight between 0.25kg and 150kg). Other types of UAV systems can also be implemented with reference.
One. The GB/T 38909-2020 standard specifies the electromagnetic compatibility requirements and test methods for civilian light and small unmanned aerial vehicle systems (including aircraft and ground stations). It is suitable for the design, manufacturing and testing of (takeoff weight between 0.25kg and 150kg). Other types of UAV systems can also be implemented with reference.
Two. Launch and immunity test items specified for UAV systems:
No. | Test Type | Test Item | Applicable Object | Additional Details |
1 | Emission | Radiated Emission | UAV System | |
Conducted Emission | Ground Station | |||
Immunity | Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity | UAV System | ||
Radiated Immunity | UAV System | |||
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Immunity | UAV System | |||
Conducted Immunity | Ground Station | (Power ports and signal ports) | ||
Electrical Fast Transient (EFT) / Burst Immunity | Ground Station | (Power ports and signal ports) | ||
Surge Immunity | Ground Station | (Power ports) | ||
Voltage Dips and Short Interruptions Immunity | Ground Station | (AC power ports) |
Three. Radiated emission limit requirements (refer to GB/T6113.203 for test methods):
b If it meets one or more of the requirements of serial number 1, serial number 2 or serial number 4, serial number 5 in the table, the product meets the requirements below 1GHz.
c The measurement distance is 3m or 10m, of which the 3m measurement distance is only used for small UAVs whose entire machine (including cables) can operate in a cylindrical measurement area with a diameter of 1.2m and a height of 1.5m above the ground plane.
d can be measured at 3m, the limit value increases by 10dB.
e can be measured at a greater distance, and the limit is reduced by 20dB for every 10 times the distance.
3.1 Maximum test frequency for radiated emissions
Four. Radiated emission limit requirements (refer to GB/T6113.201 for test methods):
No. | Port Type | Frequency Range (MHz) | Limit (dB(μV)) | Notes |
4 | AC Power Port | 0.15 - 5 | 79 (Quasi-Peak) | |
0.5 - 30 | 73 (Quasi-Peak) | |||
5 | DC Power Port | 0.15 - 5 | 89 (Quasi-Peak) | |
0.5 - 30 | 83 (Quasi-Peak) | |||
6 | Signal Port | 0.15 - 5 | 97-87 (Quasi-Peak) | Limits decrease linearly with the logarithm of frequency |
53 - 43 (Quasi-Peak) | dB(μA) | |||
0.5 - 30 | 87 (Quasi-Peak) | |||
43 (Quasi-Peak) |
Five. Performance judgment of immunity
The immunity test results should be classified according to the degree of function loss or performance degradation of UAV products. The degree of degradation is divided into four levels: A, B, C, and D.
Loss of functionality and reduced performance of drone products include:
a) Signal transmission is interrupted or lost;
b) The aircraft does not respond to control signals or the control performance is reduced;
c) Image transmission is interrupted or phenomena such as lag, mosaic, snowflakes, streaks, ghosting, etc. appear;
d) The task equipment does not respond to control signals or the control performance such as rotation and shooting is reduced;
e) Loss of other functions or reduction in performance.
The four classification standards for drone product function loss or performance degradation are A, B, C, and D:
——Level A: All functions and performance are normal;
——Level B: The phenomena listed in a) and b) do not occur; any phenomenon in c), d) and e) occurs, and it can recover automatically within 2 minutes (inclusive) after the interference stops, without operator intervention;
——Level C: The phenomena listed in a) and b) do not occur; any of the phenomena in c), d) and e) occur, and the interference still cannot recover by itself for 2 minutes after the interference stops, until the operator resets or restarts it Recoverable after operation;
——Level D: Any phenomenon listed in a) and b) occurs; or the phenomenon listed in a) and b) does not occur, but any phenomenon listed in c), d) and e) occurs, and due to hardware or software damage, data It cannot be restored due to loss or other reasons.
5.1 Power frequency magnetic field immunity (test methods and requirements are in accordance with GB/T 17626.8)
Test conditions:
No. | Frequency (Hz) | Field Strength (A/m) | Duration (min) | Performance Criterion | Operating Environment |
1 | 50, 60 | 3 | ≥ 1 | A | Residential, Commercial, and Light Industrial Environment |
2 | 50, 60 | 30 | ≥ 1 | A | Field and Industrial Environment |
5.2 Radiated immunity (test methods and requirements are in accordance with GB/T 17626.3)
Test conditions
No. | Frequency (MHz) | Field Strength (V/m) | Modulation | Sweep Rate | Dwell Time (s) | Performance Criterion | Operating Environment |
1 | 80 - 1000 | 3 | 80% (1 kHz) | 1% of current freq. | ≥ 1 | A | Residential, Commercial, and Light Industrial Environment |
2 | 1400 - 6000 | 3 | |||||
3 | 80 - 1000 | 10 | 80% (1 kHz) | 1% of current freq. | ≥ 1 | A | Field and Industrial Environment |
4 | 1400 - 6000 | 3 |
5.3 Electrostatic discharge immunity (test methods and requirements are in accordance with GB/T 17626.2)
Test conditions:
No. | Discharge Type | Voltage (kV) | Discharge Count | Test Interval (s) | Performance Criterion |
1 | Contact Discharge | ±4 (Charging Voltage) | 10 times each polarity (positive & negative) | ≥ 1 | B |
2 | Air Discharge | ±8 (Charging Voltage) | 10 times each polarity (positive & negative) | ≥ 1 | B |
5.4 Conducted immunity (test methods and requirements are in accordance with GB/T 17626.6)
Test conditions:
5.5 Electrical fast transient pulse group immunity (test methods and requirements are in accordance with GB/T 17626.4)
Test conditions:
No. | Port Type | Voltage (kV) (Open Circuit Test Voltage) | Rise Time / Half-value Time ( | Repetition Frequency (kHz) | Performance Criterion | Operating Environment |
1 | Signal Port | ±0.5 | 5/50 | 5 | B | Residential, Commercial, and Light Industrial Environment |
2 | Power Port (DC) | ±0.5 | 5/50 | 5 | B | |
3 | Power Port (AC) | ±1 | 5/50 | 5 | B | |
4 | Signal Port | ±1 | 5/50 | 5 | B | Field and Industrial Environment |
5 | Power Port (AC & DC) | ±2 | 5/50 | 5 | B |
5.6 Surge (impact) immunity (test methods and requirements are in accordance with GB/T 17626.5)
Test conditions:
No. | Port Type | Voltage (kV) (Open Circuit Test Voltage) | Waveform | Number of Tests | Test Interval (min) | Performance Criterion |
1 | Line to Ground (DC Power Port) | ±0.5 | 1.2/50 (8/20) | 5 times | ≤ 1 | B |
2 | Line to Line (DC Power Port) | ±0.5 | 1.2/50 (8/20) | 5 times | ≤ 1 | B |
3 | Line to Ground (AC Power Port) | ±2 | 1.2/50 (8/20) | 5 times | ≤ 1 | B |
4 | Line to Line (AC Power Port) | ±1 | 1.2/50 (8/20) | 5 times | ≤ 1 | B |
5.7 Voltage sag and short-term interruption immunity (test methods and requirements are in accordance with GB/T 17626.11)
Test conditions:
No. | Phenomenon | Residual Voltage (%) | Duration (Cycles) | Test Repetitions | Test Interval (s) | Performance Criterion | Operating Environment |
1 | Voltage Dips | 0 | 0.5 | 3 times | ≥ 10 | B | Residential, Commercial, and Light Industrial Environment |
0 | 1 | ||||||
70 | 25 | ||||||
2 | Voltage Interruption | 0 | 250 | 3 times | ≥ 10 | B | |
3 | Voltage Dips | 0 | 1 | 3 times | ≥ 10 | B | Field and Industrial Environment |
40 | 10 | C | |||||
70 | 25 | C | |||||
4 | Voltage Interruption | 0 | 250 | 3 times | ≥ 10 | C |
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